Following implementation of the Land Reforms in Iran, Agricultural Ministry officials set about to establish joint stock companies, production cooperative units and cultivation and industrial companies, in a bid to deal with problems caused by falling crops and mounting rural emigration. They failed to succeed due to various reasons, including lack of participation and cooperation by farmers and incompatibility of applied models with the traditional Iranian rural community. These units disintegrated following the Revolution, after which in some parts of Iran, such as the Sarband area near Arak in central Iran, farmers drew on their experiences based on indigenous knowledge to bring about consolidation of highly scattered, fragmented farmlands. In this way they could remove disadvantages of their lands being fragmented without any bureaucracy and in some cases guided by agricultural experts who sought to mix scientific and indigenous knowledge. In fact, they managed to make traditional farming compatible with modern technology.
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